Publications

Miller, J.D., Herkert, N.J., Stapleton, H.M., Hsu-Kim, H. 2025. Silicone Wristbands for Assessing Personal Chemical Exposures: Impacts of Movement on Chemical Uptake Rates. Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EM00440J.

Wise, C.F., Herkert, N.J., Hoffman, K., Vaden, S., Breen, M., Stapleton, H.M. 2025. Environmental Exposures and Canine Bladder Cancer: A Case Control Study Using Silicone Passive Samplers. Environmental Science and Technology, 59: 2. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09271.

Hoxie, T., Zhang, S., Herkert, N.J., Bauer, R., Guo, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Carignan, C., Hoffman, K., Higgins, C., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Silicone Wristbands as a Personal Passive Sampler to Evaluate Indoor Exposure to Volatile and Non-Volatile PFASs. Environmental Science and Technology. Accepted.

Fowler, C.H., Reuben, A., Stapleton, H.M., Hoffman, K., Herkert, N., Barakat, L., Gaffrey, M.S. 2024. Children’s Exposure to Chemical Contaminants: Demographic Disparities and Associations with the Developing Basal Ganglia. Environmental Research, 263: 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.119990.

Gaballah, S., Hormon, B., Nelson, G.S.A.M., Cao, J., Hoffman, K., Patisaul, H.B., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Placental Tissues of Maternal and Fetal Origin in Exposed Wistar Rats and Associations with Thyroid Hormone Levels. Toxiciological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfae151.

Baker, B.H., Day, D.B., Hazlehurst, M.F., Herkert, N.J., Stapleton, H.M., Sathyanarayana, S. 2024. Associations of Environmental Chemical Exposures Measured in Personal Silicone Wristbands with Sociodemographic Factors, COVID-19 Restrictions, and Child Respiratory Health. Environmental Research, 262: 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.119776.

Hickman, E., Frey, J., Wylie, A., Hartwell, H.J., Herkert, N.J., Short, S.J., Mills-Koonce, W.R., Fry, R.C., Stapleton, H.M., Propper, Cathi, Rager, J.E. 2024. Chemical and Non-Chemical Stressors in a Postpartum Cohort through Wristband and Self Report Data: Links Between Increased Chemical Burden, Economic, and Racial Stress. Environment International, 108976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.108976.

Herkert, N.J., Getzinger, G.J., Hoffman, K., Young, A.S., Allen, J.G., Levasseur, J.L., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Wristband Personal Passive Samplers and Suspect Screening Methods Highlight Gender Disparities in Chemical Exposures. Environmental Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c06008.

Matheson, R., Sexton, C.L., Wise, C.F., O’Brien, J., Keyser, A.J., Kauffman, M., Dunbar, M.D., DAP Consortium, Stapleton, H.M., Ruple, A. 2024. Silicone Tags as an Effective Method of Monitoring Environmental Contaminant Exposures in a Geographically Diverse Sample of Dogs from the Dog Aging Project. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1394061.

Hoffman, K., Tang, X., Cooper, E.M., Hammel, S.C., Sjodin, A., Phillips, A.L., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Children’s Exposure to Brominated Flame Retardants in the Home: The TESIE Study. Environmental Pollution, 352: 124110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124110.

Reddam, A., Herkert, N.J., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2024. Silicone Wristbands Reveal Ubiquitous Human Exposure to Ortho-Phthalates and Non-Ortho-Phthalate Plasticizers in Southern California. Environmental Research, 258: 119465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.119465.

Wise, C.F., Breen, M., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Canine on the Couch: The New Canary in the Coal Mine for Environmental Health Research. Environment & Health. https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00029.

Hoehn, R.M., Jahl, L.G., Herkert, N.J., Hoffman, K., Soehl, A., Diamond, M.L., Blum, A., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Flame Retardant Exposure in Vehicles Is Influenced by Use in Seat Foam and Temperature. Environmental Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c10440.

Levasseur, J.L., Hoffman, K., Zhang, S., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Monitoring Human Exposure to Four Parabens and Triclosan: Comparing Silicone Wristbands with Spot Urine Samples as Predictors of Internal Dose. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-024-00663-0.

Samon, S., Hoffman, K., Herkert, N., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Chemical Uptake into Silicone Wristbands Over a Five-Day Period. Environmental Pollution, 349: 123877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123877.

Lin, Y., Wang, X., Chen, R., Weil, T., Ge, Y., Stapleton, H.M., Bergin, M.H., Zhang, J. 2024. Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Self-Collected Biospecimens Following Campfire Exposure: Exploring Noninvasive Biomarkers of Wildfire Health Effects. Environmental Science & Technology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00923.

Chen, X., Birnbaum, L.S., Babich, M.A., de Boer, J., White, K.W., Barone, S. Jr., Fehrenbacher, C., Stapleton, H.M. 2024. Opportunities in Assessing and Regulating Organohalogen Flame Retardants (OFRs) as a Class in Consumer Products. Environmental Health Perspectives, 132(1): 015001. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38175186/.

Overdahl, K.E., Tighe, R.M., Stapleton, H.M., Ferguson, P.L. 2023. Investigating Sensitization Activity of Azobenzene Disperse Dyes via the Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay (DPRA). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 182: 114108. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37890762/.

Overdahl, K.E., Kassotis, C.D., Hoffman, K., Getzinger, G.J., Phillips, A., Hammel, S., Stapleton, H.M., Ferguson, P.L. 2023. Characterizing Azobenzene Disperse Dyes and Related Compounds in House Dust and Their Correlations with Other Organic Contaminant Classes. Environmental Pollution, 337: 122491. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37709124/.

Gaballah, S., Horman, B., St Armour, G., Hoffman, K., Patisaul, H.B., Stapleton, H.M. 2023. OR06-02 Placental Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) and Thyroid Hormones across Gestation in PBDE-Exposed Wistar Rats. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 7.  https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvad114.1048.

Weigand, J., Hoang, J., Avila-Barnard, S., Nemarugommula, C., Ha, M., Zhang, S., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2023. Triphenyl Phosphate-Induced Pericardial Edema in Zebrafish Embryos is Reversible Following Depuration in Clean Water. Aquatic Toxicology, 263: 106699. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37734274/.

Samon, S., Herkert, N., Ghassabian, A., Liu, H., Hammel, S.C., Trasande, L., Stapleton, H.M., Hoffman, K. 2023. Measuring Semi-Volatile Organic Compound Exposures During Pregnancy Using Silicone Wristbands. Chemosphere, 339: 139778. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37567263/.

Hall, S.M., Zhang, S., Tait, G.H., Hoffman, K., Collier, D.N., Hoppin, J.A., Stapleton, H.M. 2023. PFAS Levels in Paired Drinking Water and Serum Samples Collected from an Exposed Community in Central North Carolina. Science of the Total Environment, 895: 165091. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37355130/. 

Carignan, C.C., Bauer, R.A., Patterson, A., Phomsopha, T., Redman, E., Stapleton, H.M., Higgins, C.P. 2023. A Self-Collection Blood Test for PFASs: Comparing Volumetric Micro-Samplers with a Traditional Serum Approach. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(21): 7950-7957. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37189231/.

Ruis, M., Hoffman, K., Stapleton, H.M. 2023. Brominated Flame Retardants and Legacy Organochlorines in Archived Human Placenta Samples: Sex Differences, Temporal Analysis and Associations with Infant Birth Weight. Chemosphere, 322: 138170. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36804493/.

Wiegand, J., Avila-Barnard, S., Negarugommula, C., Lyons, D., Zhang, S., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2023. Triphenyl Phosphate-Induced Pericardial Edema within Zebrafish Embryos is Dependent on the Ionic Strength of Exposure Media. Environment International, 172: 107757. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36680802/.

Young, A.S., Herkert, N., Stapleton, H.M., Coull, B.A., Hauser, R., Zoeller, T., Behnisch, P.A., Felzel, E., Brouwer, A., Gallen, J.G. 2023. Hormone Receptor Activities of Complex Mixtures of Known and Suspect Chemicals in Personal Silicone Wristband Samplers Worn in Office Buildings. Chemosphere, 315: 137705. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36592838/.

Crute, C.E., Landon, C.D., Garner, A., Hall, S.M., Everitt, J., Zhang, S., Blake, B., Olofsson, D., Chen, H., Stapleton, H.M., Murphy, S.K., Feng, L. 2023. Maternal Exposure to Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (PFBS) During Pregnancy: Evidence of Adverse Maternal and Fetoplacental Effects in New Zealand White (NZW) Rabbits. Toxicological Sciences, 191(2): 239-252. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36453863/.

Habre, R., Dorman, D.C., Abbatt, J., Bahnfleth, W.P., Carter, E., Farmer, D., Gawne-Mittelstaedt, G., Goldstein, A.H., Grassian, V.H., Morrison, G., Peccia, J., Poppendieck, D., Prather, K.A., Shiraiwa, M., Stapleton, H.M., Williams, M., Harries, M.E. 2022. Why Indoor Chemistry Matters: A National Academies Consensus Report. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(15): 10560-10563. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c04163.

Samon, S.M., Hammel, S.C., Stapleton, H.M., Anderson, K.A. 2022. Silicone Wristbands as Personal Passive Sampling Devices: Current Knowledge, Recommendations for Use and Future Directions. Environment International, 169: 107339. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36116363/.

Crute, C.E., Hall, S.M., Landon, C.D., Garner, A., Everitt, J.I., Zhang, S., Blake, B., Olofsson, D., Chen, H., Murphy, S.K., Stapleton, H.M., Feng, L. 2022. Evaluating Maternal Exposure to an Environmental Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Mixture During Pregnancy: Adverse Maternal and Fetoplacental Effects in a New Zealand White (NZW) Rabbit Model. Science of the Total Environment, 838: 156499. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35679923/.

Hammel, S.C., Nordone, S., Zhang, S., Lorenzo, A.M., Eichner, B., Moody, M.A., Harrington, L., Gandee, J., Schmidt, L., Smith, S., Stapleton, H.M., Hoffman, K. 2022. Infants’ Diminished Response to DTaP Vaccine is Associated with Exposure to Organophosphate Esters. Science of the Total Environment, 837: 155782. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35533854/.

Levasseur, J.L., Hoffman, K., Herkert, N.J., Cooper, E., Hay, D., Stapleton, H.M. 2022. Characterizing Firefighter’s Exposure to Over 130 SVOCs Using Silicone Wristbands: A Pilot Study Comparing On-Duty and Off-Duty Exposures. Science of the Total Environment, 834(15): 155237. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35447169/.

Pétré, M.-A., Salk, K.R., Stapleton, H.M., Ferguson, P.L., Tait, G., Obenour, D.R., Knappe, D.R.U., Genereux, D.P. 2022. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in River Discharge: Modeling Loads Upstream and Downstream of a PFAS Manufacturing Plant in the Cape Fear Watershed, North Carolina. Science of the Total Environment, 831: 154763. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35339537/.

Hall, S.M., Zhang, S., Hoffman, K., Miranda, M.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2022. Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Human Placental Tissues and Associations with Birth Outcomes. Chemosphere, 295: 133873. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35143854/. 

Reddam, A., Herkert, N., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2022. Partial Dust Removal in Vehicles Does Not Mitigate Human Exposure to Organophosphate Esters. Environmental Research, 205: 112525. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34896084/.

Herkert, N.J., Kassotis, C.D., Zhang, S., Han, Y., Pulikkal, V.F., Sun, M., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2022. Characterization of Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) Present in Commercial Anti-Fog Products and Their In Vitro Adipogenic Activity. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(2): 1162-1173. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34985261/.

Wise, C.F., Hammel, S.C., Herkert, N.J., Ospina, M., Calafat, A.M., Breen, M., Stapleton, H.M. 2022. Comparative Assessment of Pesticide Exposures in Domestic Dogs and Their Owners Using Silicone Passive Samplers and Biomonitoring. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(2): 1149-1161. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34964617/.

Amin, S., Hoffman, K., Kastleman, C., Stapleton, H.M. 2022. Investigating Equitable Access to Greenspace During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Children’s Mental Health in Durham, North Carolina. International Public Health Journal, 14(3): 277-288. https://www.proquest.com/docview/2779948928. 

Kozlova, E.V., Valdez, M.C., Denys, M.E., Bishay, A.E., Krum, J.M., Rabbani, K.M., Carillo, V., Gonzalez, G.M., Lampel, G., Tran, J.D., Vazquez, B.M., Anchondo, L.M., Uddin, S.A., Huffman, N.M., Monarrez, E., Olomi, D.S., Chinthirla, B.D., Hartman, R.E., Kodavanti, P.R.S., Chompre, G., Phillips, A.L., Stapleton, H.M., Henkelmann, B., Schramm, K.-W., Curras-Collazo, M.C. 2022. Persistent Autism-Relevant Behavioral Phenotype and Social Neuropeptide Alterations in Female Mice Offspring Induced by Maternal Transfer of PBDE Congeners in the Commercial Mixture DE-71. Developmental Toxicology, 96: 335-365. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34687351/.

Patisaul, H.B., Behl, M., Birnbaum, L.S., Blum, A., Diamond, M.L., Rojello Fernández, S., Hogberg, H.T., Kwiatowski, C.F., Page, J.D., Soehl, A., Stapleton, H.M. 2021. Beyond Cholinesterase Inhibition: Developmental Neurotoxicity of Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants and Plasticizers. Environmental Health Perspectives, 129(10): 105001. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34612677/.

Jenkins, J.A., Baudoin, B.A., Johnson, D., Fernie, K.J., Stapleton, H.M., Karouna-Renier, N.K. 2021. Establishment of Baseline Cytology Metrics in Nestling American Kestrels (Falco sparverius): Immunomodulatory Effects of Isopropylated Triarylphosphate Isomers. Environment International, 157: 106779. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34555586/.  

Kassotis, C.D., Hoffman, K., Völker, J., Pu, Y., Veiga-Lopez, A., Kim, S.M., Schlesinger, J.J., Bovolin, P., Cottone, E., Saraceni, A., Scandiffio, R., Atlas, E., Leingartner, K., Krager, S., Tischkau, S.A., Ermler, S., Legler, J., Chappel, V.A., Fenton, S.E., Mesmar, F., Bondesson, M., Fernández, M.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2021. Reproducibility of Adipogenic Responses to Metabolism Disrupting Chemicals in the 3T3-L1 Pre-Adipocyte Model System: An Interlaboratory Study. Toxicology, 461: 152900. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34411659/.

Hoffman, K., Levasseur, J.L., Zhang, S., Hay, D., Herkert, N.J., Stapleton, H.M. 2021. Monitoring Human Exposure to Organophosphate Esters: Comparing Silicone Wristbands with Spot Urine Samples as Predictors of Internal Dose. Environmental Science and Technology Letters, 8(9): 805-810. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36159219/.

Wang, Z., Coyte, R.M., Cowan, E.A., Stapleton, H.M., Dwyer, G.S., Vengosh, A. 2021. Evaluation and Integration of Geochemical Indicators for Detecting Trace Levels of Coal Fly Ash in Soils. Environmental Science & Technology, 55(15): 10387-10397. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34282893/.

Young, A.S., Herkert, N., Stapleton, H.M., Guillermo Codeño Laurent, J., Jones, E.R., MacNaughton, P., Coull, B.A., James-Todd, T., Hauser, R., Lahaie Luna, M., Chung, Y.S., Allen, J.G. 2021. Chemical Contaminant Exposures Assessed Using Silicone Wristbands Among Occupants in Office Buildings in the USA, UK, China, and India. Environment International, 156: 106727. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34425641/.

Gillera, S.E.A., Marinello, W.P., Cao, K.T., Horman, B.M., Stapleton, H.M., Patisaul, H.B. 2021. Sex-Specific Disruption of the Prairie Vole Hypothalamus by Developmental Exposure to a Flame Retardant Mixture. Endocrinology, 162(8). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34038511/.

Overdahl, K.E., Gooden, D., Bobay, B., Getzinger, G.J., Stapleton, H.M., Ferguson, P.L. 2021. Characterizing Azobenzene Disperse Dyes in Commercial Mixtures and Children’s Polyester Clothing. Environmental Pollution, 287: 117299. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34023658/.

Kassotis, C.D., Hoffman, K., Phillips, A.L., Zhang, S., Cooper, E.M., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2021. Characterization of Adipogenic, PPARγ, and TRβ Activities in House Dust Extracts and Their Associations with Organic Contaminants. Science of the Total Environment, 758: 143707. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33223163/.

Levasseur, J.L., Hammel, S.C., Hoffman, K., Phillips, A.L., Zhang, S., Ye, X., Calafat, A.M., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2021. Young Children’s Exposure to Phenols in the Home: Associations Between House Dust, Hand Wipes, Silicone Wristbands, and Urinary Biomarkers. Environment International, 147: 106317. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33341585/.

Hammel, S.C., Stapleton, H.M., Eichner, B., Hoffman, K. 2021. Reconsidering an Appropriate Urinary Biomarker for Flame Retardant Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) Phosphate (TCIPP) Exposure in Children. Environmental Science & Technology, 8(1): 80-85. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00794.

Ingle, M.E., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Carignan, C.C., Stapleton, H.M., Williams, P.L., Ford, J.B., Moravek, M.B., O’Neil, M.S., Wang, L., Hauser, R., Meeker, J.D. 2021. Reproductive Outcomes Associated with Flame Retardants Among Couples Seeking Fertility Treatment: A Paternal Perspective. Environmental Research, 192: 110226. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32971080/.

Gardner, C.M., Hoffman, K., Stapleton, H.M., Gunsch, G.K. 2021. Exposures to Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Environments and Associations with the Gut Microbiomes of Children. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 8(1): 73-79. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00776.

Kuiper, J.R., Stapleton, H.M., Wills-Karp, W., Wang, X., Burd, I., Buckley, J.P. 2020. Predictors and Reproducibility of Urinary Organophosphate Ester Metabolite Concentrations During Pregnancy and Associations with Birth Outcomes in an Urban Population. Environmental Health, 19(55). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32448197/.

Kassotis, C.D., Herkert, N.J., Hammel, S.C., Hoffman, K., Xia, Q., Kullman, S.W., Sosa, J.A., Stapleton, H.M., 2020. Thyroid Receptor Antagonism of Chemicals Extracted from Personal Silicone Wristbands within a Papillary Thyroid Cancer Pilot Study. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(23): 15296–15312. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33185092/.

Hammel, S.C., Zhang, S., Lorenzo, A.M., Eichner, B., Stapleton, H.M., Hoffman, K. 2020. Young Infants’ Exposure to Organophosphate Esters: Breast Milk as a Potential Source of Exposure. Environment International, 143: 106009. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32771876/.

Rock, K.D., St Armour, G., Horman, B., Phillips, A., Ruis, M., Stewart, A.K., Jima, D., Muddiman, D.C., Stapleton, H.M., Patisaul, H.B. 2020. Effects of Prenatal Exposure to a Mixture of Organophosphate Flame Retardants on Placental Gene Expression and Serotonergic Innervation in the Fetal Rat Brain. Toxicological Sciences, 176(1): 202-223. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32243540/.

Gillera, S.E.A., Marinello, W.P., Horman, B.M., Phillips, A.L., Ruis, M.T., Stapleton, H.M., Reif, D.M., Patisaul, H.B. 2020. Sex-Specific Effects of Perinatal FireMaster 550 (FM550) Exposure on Socioemotional Behavior in Prairie Voles. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 79: 106840. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31730801/.

Ingle, E.M., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Carignan, C.C., Stapleton, H.M., Williams, P.L., Ford, J.B., Moravek, M.B., Hauser, R., Meeker, J.D. 2020. Exploring Reproductive Associations of Serum Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether and Hydroxylated Brominated Diphenyl Ether Concentrations Among Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization. Human Reproduction, 35(5): 1199-1210. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32424407/.

Phillips, A.L., Herkert, N.J., Ulrich, J.C., Hartman, J.H., Ruis, M.T., Cooper, E.M., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2020. In Vitro Metabolism of Isopropylated and tert-Butylated Triarylphosphate Esters Using Human Liver Subcellular Fractions. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 33: 1428-1441. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129605/.

Ingle, M.E., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Carignan, C.C., Butt, C.M., Stapleton, H.M., Williams, P.L., Ford, J.B., Hauser, R., Meeker, J.D. 2020. The Association of Urinary Phosphorous-Containing Flame Retardant Metabolites and Self-Reported Personal Care and Household Product Use Among Couples Seeking Fertility Treatment. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 30: 107-116. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30728482/.

Wise, C.F., Hammel, S.C., Herkert, N., Ma, J., Motsinger-Reif, A., Stapleton, H.M., Breen, M. 2020. Comparative Exposure Assessment Using Silicone Passive Samplers Indicates Domestic Dogs are Sentinels to Support Human Health Research. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(12): 7409-7419. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32401030/.

Hall, S.M., Patton, S., Petreas, M., Zhang, S., Phillips, A.L., Hoffman, K., Stapleton, H.M. 2020. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Dust Collected from Residential Homes and Fire Stations in North America. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(22): 14558-14567. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33143410/.

Blake, B.E., Cope, H.A., Hall, S.M., Keys, R.D., Mahler, B.M., McCord, J., Scott, B., Stapleton, H.M., Strynar, M. J., Elmore, S. A., Fenton, S.E. 2020. Evaluation of Maternal, Embryo, and Placental Effects in CD-1 Mice Following Gestational Exposure to Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) or Hexafluoropropylene Oxide Dimer Acid (HFPO-DA or GenX). Environmental Health Perspectives, 128(2): 27006. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32074459/.

Herkert, N.J., Merrill, J., Peters, C., Bollinger, D., Zhang, S., Hoffman, K., Ferguson, P.L., Knappe, D.R.U., Stapleton, H.M. 2020. Assessing the Effectiveness of Point-of-Use Residential Drinking Water Filters for Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 7(3): 178-184. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00004.

Witchey, S.K., Al Samara, L., Horman, B.M., Stapleton, H.M., Patisaul, H.B. 2020. Perinatal Exposure to FireMaster 550 (FM550), Brominated or Organophosphate Flame Retardants Produces Sex and Compound Specific Effects on Adult Wistar Rat Socioemotional Behavior. Hormones and Behavior, 126: 104853. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32949556/.

Kozlova, E.V., Chinthirla, B.D., Pérez, P.A., DiPatrizio, N.V., Argueta, D.A., Phillips, A.L., Stapleton, H.M., González, G.M., Krum, J.M., Carrillo, V., Bishay, A.E., Basappa, K.R., Currás-Collazo, M.C. 2020. Maternal Transfer of Environmentally Relevant Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Produces a Diabetic Phenotype and Disrupts Glucoregulatory Hormones and Hepatic Endocannabinoids in Adult Mouse Female Offspring. Scientific Reports, 10: 18102. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33093533/.

Wise, C.F., Hammel, S.C., Herkert, N.J., Ma, J., Motsinger-Reif, A., Stapleton, H.M., Breen, M. 2020. Comparative Exposure Assessment Using Silicone Passive Samplers Indicates That Domestic Dogs are Sentinels to Support Human Health Research. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(12): 7409-7419. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32401030/.

Phillips, A.L., Herkert, N.J., Ulrich, J.C., Hartman, J.H., Ruis, M.T., Cooper, E.M., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2020. In Vitro Metabolism of Isopropylated and tert-Butylated Triarylphosphate Esters Using Human Liver Subcellular Fractions. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 33(6): 1428-1441. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129605/.

Hammel, S.C., Hoffman, K., Phillips, A.L., Levasseur, J.L., Lorenzo, A.M., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2020. Comparing the Use of Silicone Wristbands, Hand Wipes, and Dust to Evaluate Children’s Exposure to Flame Retardants and Plasticizers. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(7): 4484-4494. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32122123/.

Reddam, A., Tait, G., Herkert, G., Hammel, S.C., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2020. Longer Commutes are Associated with Increased Human Exposure to Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate. Environment International, 136: 105499. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31999975/.

Escher, B.I., Stapleton, H.M., Schymanski, E.L. 2020. Tracking Complex Mixtures of Chemicals in our Changing Environment. Science, 367(6476): 388-392. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aay6636.

Craig, J.A., Ceballos, D.M., Fruh, V., Petropoulos, Z.E., Allen, J.G., Calafat, A.M., Ospina, M., Stapleton, H.M., Hammel, S.C., Gray, R., Webster, T.F. 2019. Exposure of Nail Salon Workers to Phthalates, Di(2-ethylhexyl) Terephthalate, and Organophosphate Esters: A Pilot Study. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(24): 14630-14637. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31736299/.

Enicole, S.A., Marinello, W.P., Horman, B.M., Phillips, A.L., Ruis, M.T., Stapleton, H.M., Reif, D.M., Patisaul, H.B. 2019. Sex-Specific Effects of Perinatal FireMaster550 (FM550) Exposure on Socioemotional Behavior in Prairie Voles. Neurotoxicology & Teratology, 79: 106840. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31730801/.

Doherty, B.T., Hammel, S.C., Daniels, J.L., Stapleton, H.M., Hoffman, K. 2019. Organophosphate Esters: Are These Flame Retardants & Plasticizers Affecting Children’s Health? Current Environmental Health Reports, 6(4): 201-213. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31755035/.

Blum, A., Behl, M., Birnbaum, L.S., Diamond, M.L., Phillips, A.L., Singla, V., Sipes, N.S., Stapleton, H.M., Venier, M. 2019. Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants: Are They a Regrettable Substitution for Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers? Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 6(11): 638-649. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32494578/.

Cooper, E.M., Rushing, R., Hoffman, K., Phillips, A.L., Hammel, S.C., Zylka, M.J., Stapleton, H.M. 2019. Strobilurin Fungicides in House Dust: Is Wallboard a Source? Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 30(2): 247-252. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31636368/.

Hammel, S.C., Levasseur, J.L., Hoffman, K., Phillips, A.L., Lorenzo, A.M., Calafat, A.M., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2019. Children’s Exposure to Phthalates and Non-Phthalate Plasticizers in the Home: The TESIE Study. Environment International, 132: 105061. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31400598/.

Bastiaensen, M., Van den Eede, N., Su, G., Letcher, R.J., Stapleton, H.M., Covaci, A. 2019. Towards Establishing Indicative Values for Metabolites of Organophosphate Ester Contaminants in Human Urine. Chemosphere, 236: 124348. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31326757/.

Phillips, A.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2019. Inhibition of Human Liver Caroboxylesterase (hCE1) by Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants and Plasticizers: Implications for Pharmacotherapy. Toxicological Sciences, 171(2): 396-405. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31268531/.

Lefevre, E., Redfern, L., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Gunsch, C.K. 2019. Acetate Promotes Microbial Reductive Debromination of Tetrabromobisphenol A in Anaerobic Wastewater Sludge Bioreactors. Science of the Total Environment, 656: 959-968. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30625682/.

Gibson, E.A., Stapleton, H.M., Calero, L., Holmes, D., Burke, K., Martinez, R., Cortes, B., Nematollahi, A., Evans, D., Herbstman, J.B. 2019. Flame Retardant Exposure Assessment: Findings from a Behavioral Intervention Study. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 29(1): 33-48. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29950671/.

Ruis, M.T., Rock, K.D., Hall, S.M., Horman, B., Patisaul, H.B., Stapleton, H.M. 2019. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Concentrate in the Fetal Portion of the Placenta: Implications for Thyroid Hormone Dysregulation. Endocrinology, 160(11): 2748-2758. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31555822/.

de Boer, J., Stapleton, H.M. 2019. Two Decades of Environmental Research on Flame Retardants–Taking Stock. Science, 364(6437): 231-232. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax2054.

Doherty, B.T., Hoffman, K., Keil, A.P., Engel, S.M., Stapleton, H.M., Goldman, B.D., Olshan, A.F., Daniels, J.L. 2019. Prenatal Exposure to Organophosphate Esters and Behavioral Development in Young Children in the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition Study. NeuroToxicology, 73: 150-160. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30951742/.

Mitchell, C.A., Reddam, A., Dasgupta, S., Zhang, S., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2019. Diphenyl Phosphate-Induced Toxicity During Embryonic Development. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(7): 3908-3916. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30864794/.

Kassotis, C.D., Kollitz, E.M., Hoffman, K., Sosa, J.A., Stapleton, H.M. 2019. Thyroid Receptor Antagonism as a Contributory Mechanism for Adipogenesis Induced by Environmental Mixtures in 3T3-L1 Cells. Science of the Total Environment, 666: 431-444. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30802659/.

Dembsey, N.A., Brokaw, F.M., Stapleton, H.M., Dodson, R.E., Onasch, J., Jazan, E., Carignan, C.C. 2019. Intervention to Reduce Gymnast Exposure to Flame Retardants from Pit Foam: A Case Study. Environment International, 127: 868-875. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30922522/.

Gibson, E.A., Stapleton, H.M., Calero, L., Holmes, D., Burke, K., Martinez, R., Cortes, B., Nematollahi, A., Evans, D., Anderson, K.A., Herbstman, J.B. 2019. Differential Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Mother-Child Pairs. Chemosphere, 219: 567-573. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30553217/.

Tuttle, A.H., Salazar, G., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Zylka, M.J. 2019. Choice of Vehicle Affects Pyraclostrobin Toxicity in Mice. Chemosphere, 218: 501-506. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30497033/.

Kassotis, C.D., Stapleton, H.M. 2019. Endocrine-Mediated Mechanisms of Metabolic Disruption and New Approaches to Examine the Public Health Threat. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10: 39. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30792693/.

Hammel, S.C., Phillips, A.L., Hoffman, K., Stapleton., H.M. 2018. Evaluating the Use of Silicone Wristbands to Measure Personal Exposure to Brominated Flame Retardants. Environmental Science & Technology, 52(20): 11875-11885. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30216050/. 

Kollitz, E.M., Kassotis, C.D., Hoffman, K., Ferguson, P.L., Sosa, J.A., Stapleton, H.M. 2018. Chemical Mixtures Isolated from House Dust Disrupt Thyroid Receptor β Signaling. Environmental Science & Technology, 52(20): 11857-11864. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30212187/. 

Stanifer, J.W., Stapleton, H.M., Tomokazu, S., Wittmer, A., Zhao, X., Boulware, L.E. 2018. Perfluorinated Chemicals as Emerging Environmental Threats to Kidney Health: A Scoping Review. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 13(10): 1479-1492. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30213782/.

Messerlian, C., Williams, P.L., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Carignan, C.C., Ford, J.B., Butt, C.M., Meeker, J.D., Stapleton, H.M., Souter, I., Hauser, R. 2018. Organophosphate Flame-Retardant Metabolite Concentrations and Pregnancy Loss Among Women Conceiving with Assisted Reproduction Technology. Fertility & Sterility, 110(6): 1137-1144. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30396558/. 

Hoffman, K., Hammel, S.C., Phillips, A.L., Lorenzo, A.M., Chen, A., Calafat, A.M., Ye, X., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2018. Biomarkers of Exposure to SVOCs in Children and Their Demographic Associations: The TESIE Study. Environment International, 119: 26-36. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29929048/.

Deziel, N.C., Yi, H., Stapleton, H.M., Huang, H., Zhao, N., Zhang, Y. 2018. Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants and Risk of Thyroid Cancer in Women. BMC Cancer, 18(1): 637. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29871608/. 

Bruinstroop, E., Dalan, R., Yang, C., Mong Bee, Y., Chandran, K., Cho, L.W., Soh, S.B., Teo, E.K., Toh, S.-A., Leow, M.K.S., Sinha, R.A., Sadananthan, S.A., Michael, N., Stapleton, H.M., Leung, C., Angus, P.W., Patel, S.K., Burrell, L.M., Chi, L.S., Sum, C.F., Velan, S.S., Yen, P.M. 2018. Low-Dose Levothyroxine Reduces Intrahepatic Lipid Content in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and NAFLD. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 103(7): 2698-2706. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29718334/. 

Kassotis, C.D., Nagel, S.C, Stapleton, H.M. 2018. Unconventional Oil and Gas Chemicals and Wastewater-Impacted Water Samples Promote Adipogenesis via PPARγ-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms in 3T3-L1 Cells. Science of the Total Environment, 640-641: 1601-1610. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29937353/. 

Hoffman, K., Stapleton, H.M., Lorenzo, A., Butt, C.M., Adair, L., Herring, A.H., Daniels, J.L. 2018. Prenatal Exposure to Organophosphates and Associations with Birthweight and Gestational Length. Environment International, 116: 248-254. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29698901/. 

Phillips, A.L., Hammel, S.C., Hoffman, K., Lorenzo, A.M., Chen, A., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2018. Children’s Residential Exposure to Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants and Plasticizers: Investigating Exposure Pathways in the TESIE Study. Environment International, 116: 176-185. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5980657/. 

Holzem, R.M., Stapleton, H.M., Gunsch, C.K. 2018. Impacts of Biosolids on Indigenous Agricultural Soil Denitrifying Bacteria. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 144(9): 0401809.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326801716_Impact_of_Biosolids_on_Indigenous_Soil_Denitrifying_Bacteria.

Ingle, M.E., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Carignan, C.C., Butt, C.M., Stapleton, H.M., Williams, P.L., Ford, J.B., Hauser, R., Meeker, J.D. 2018. The Association Between Urinary Concentrations of Phosphorous-Containing Flame Retardant Metabolites and Semen Parameters Among Men from a Fertility Clinic. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 221(5): 809-815. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29739653/.

Mitchell, C.A., Dasgupta, S., Zhang, S., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2018. Disruption of Nuclear Receptor Signaling Alters Triphenyl Phosphate-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos. Toxicological Sciences, 163(1): 307-318. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29529285/.

Kollitz, E.M., De Carbonnel, L., Stapleton, H.M., Ferguson, P.L. 2018. The Affinity of Brominated Phenolic Compounds for Human and Zebrafish Thyroid Receptor β: Influence of Chemical Structure. Toxicological Sciences, 163(1): 226-239. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29409039/. 

Holzem, R.M., Gardner, C.M., Stapleton, H.M., Gunsch, C.K. 2018. Using Laboratory-Generated Biosolids to Evaluate the Microbial Ecotoxicity of Triclosan in a Simulated Land Application Scenario. Environmental Science & Pollution Research International, 25(11): 11084-11099. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29411281/.

Bello, A., Carignan, C.C., Xue, Y.L., Stapleton, H.M., Bello, D. 2018. Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Spray Polyurethane Foam Applicators: Role of Dermal Exposure. Environment International, 113: 55-65. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29421408/.

Rock, K.D., Horman, B., Phillips, A.L., McRitchie, S.L., Watson, S., Deese-Spruil, J., Jima, D., Sumner, S., Stapleton, H.M., Patisaul, H.B. 2018. EDC Impact: Molecular Effects of Developmental FM 550 Exposure in Wistar Rat Placenta and Fetal Forebrain. Endocrine Connections, 7(2): 305-324. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29351906/.

Frederiksen, M., Stapleton, H.M., Vorkamp, K., Webster, T.F., Jensen, N.M., Sørensen, J.A., Nielsen, F., Knudsen, L.E., Sørensen, L.S., Clausen, P.A., Nielsen, J.B. 2018. Dermal Uptake and Percutaneous Penetration of Organophosphate Esters in a Human Skin Ex Vivo Model. Chemosphere, 197: 185-192. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29353672/. 

Leonetti, C.P., Butt, C.M., Stapleton, H.M. 2018. Disruption of Thyroid Hormone Sulfotransferase Activity by Brominated Flame Retardant Chemicals in the Human Choriocarcinoma Placenta Cell Line, BeWo. Chemosphere, 197: 81-88. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29331935/.

Carignan, C.C., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Williams, P.L., Meeker, J.D., Stapleton, H.M., Butt, C.M., Toth, T.L., Ford, J.B., Hauser, R. 2018. Paternal Urinary Concentrations of Organophosphate Flame Retardant Metabolites, Fertility Measurements, and Pregnancy Outcomes among Couples Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization. Environment International, 111: 232-238. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29241080/.

Luz, A.L., Kassotis, C.D., Stapleton, H.M., Meyer, J.N. 2018. The High-Production Volume Fungicide Pyraclostrobin Induces Triglyceride Accumulation Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Promotes Adipocyte Differentiation Independent of PPARg Activation in 3T3-L1 Cells. Toxicology, 393: 150-159. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29127035/.

Kassotis, C.D., Kollitz, E.M., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2018. Nonionic Ethoxylated Surfactants Induce Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells. Toxicological Sciences, 162(1): 124-136. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29106673/.

Lefèvre, E., Bossa, N., Gardner, C.M., Gehrke, G.E., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Hsu-Kim, H., Gunsch, C.K. 2018. Biochar and Activated Carbon Act as Promising Amendments for Promoting the Complete Microbial Debromination of Tetrabromobisphenol A. Water Resources, 128: 102-110. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29091801/.

Hoffman, K., Lorenzo, A., Butt, C.M., Hammel, S.C., Henderson, B.B., Roman, S.A., Scheri, R.P., Stapleton, H.M., Sosa, J.A. 2017. Exposure to Flame Retardant Chemicals and Occurrence and Severity of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Environment International, 107: 235-242. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28772138/.

Castorina, R., Bradman, A., Stapleton, H.M., Butt, C., Avery, D., Harley, K.G., Gunier, R.B., Holland, N., Eskenazi, B. 2017. Current-Use Flame Retardants: Maternal Exposure and Neurodevelopment in Children of the CHAMACOS Cohort. Chemosphere, 189: 574-580. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28963974/.

Robel, A.E., Marshall, K., Dickinson, M., Lunderberg, D., Butt, C.M., Peaslee, G., Stapleton, H.M., Field, J.A. 2017. Closing the Mass Balance on Fluorine on Papers and Textiles. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(16): 9022-9032. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28712295/.

Thomas, M.B., Stapleton, H.M., Dills, R.L., Violette, H.D., Christakis, D.A., Sathyanarayana, S. 2017. Demographic and Dietary Risk Factors in Relation to Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Toddlers. Chemosphere, 185: 918-925. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28763939/.

Hoffman, K., Gearhart-Serna, L., Lorber, M., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Estimated Tris(1,3-dichloropropyl) Phosphate Exposure Levels for U.S. Infants Suggests Potential Health Risks. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 4(8): 334-338. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34853794/.

Baldwin, K.R., Phillips, A.L., Horman, B., Arambula, S.E., Rebuli, M.E., Stapleton, H.M., Patisaul, H.B. 2017. Sex Specific Placental Accumulation and Behavioral Effects of Developmental Firemaster 550 Exposure in Wistar Rats. Scientific Reports, 7: 7118. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28769031/.

Carignan, C.C., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Butt, C.M., Williams, P.L., Meeker, J.D., Stapleton, H.M., Toth, T.L., Ford, J.B., Hauser, R. 2017. Urinary Concentrations of Organophosphate Flame Retardant Metabolites and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization. Environmental Health Perspectives, 125(8): 087018. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28858831/.

Kassotis, C.D., Hoffman, K., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Characterization of Adipogenic Activity of House Dust Extracts and Semi-Volatile Indoor Contaminants in 3T3-L1 Cells. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(15): 8735-8745. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28699343/.

Siebenaler, R., Cameron, R., Butt, C.M., Hoffman, K., Higgins, C.P., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Serum Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) and Associations with Behavioral Attributes. Chemosphere, 184: 687-693. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28633063/.

Hammel, S.C., Hoffman, K., Lorenzo, A.M., Chen, A., Phillips, A.L., Butt, C.M., Sosa, J.A., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Associations Between Flame Retardant Applications in Furniture Foam, House Dust Levels, and Residents’ Serum Levels. Environment International, 107: 181-189. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28750223/.

Slotkin, T.A., Skavicus, S., Stapleton, H.M., Seidler, F.J. 2017. Brominated and Organophosphate Flame Retardants Target Different Neurodevelopmental Stages, Characterized with Embryonic Neural Stem Cells and Neuronotypic PC12 Cells. Toxicology, 390: 32-42. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28851516/.

Smythe, T.A., Butt, C.M., Stapleton, H.M., Pleskach, K., Ratnayake, G., Yoon Song, C., Riddell, N., Konstantinov, A., Tomy, G.T. 2017. Impacts of Unregulated Novel Brominated Flame Retardants on Human Liver Thyroid Deiodination and Sulfotransferation. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(12): 7245-7253. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28541672/.

Carignan, C.C., Butt, C.M, Stapleton, H.M., Meeker, J.D., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Williams, P.L., Hauser, R. 2017. Influence of Storage Vial Material on Measurement of Organophosphate Flame Retardant Metabolites in Urine. Chemosphere, 181: 440-446. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28458219/.

Castorina, R., Butt, C.M., Stapleton, H.M., Avery, D., Harley, K.G., Holland, N., Eskenazi, B., Bradman, A. 2017. Flame Retardants and Their Metabolites in the Homes and Urine of Pregnant Women Residing in California (the CHAMACOS Cohort). Chemosphere, 179: 159-166. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28365501/.

Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Comment on “Mutagenic Azo Dyes, Rather Than Flame Retardants, Are the Predominant Brominated Compounds in House Dust”. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(6): 3588-3590. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28282131/.

Soubry, A., Hoyo, C., Butt, C.M., Fieuws, S., Price, T.M., Murphy, S.K., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Human Exposure to Flame-Retardants is Associated with Aberrant DNA Methylation at Imprinted Genes in Sperm. Environmental Epigenetics, 3(1). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29492305/.

Hoffman, K., Butt, C.M., Webster, T.F., Preston, E.V., Hammel, S.C., Makey, C., Lorenzo, A.M., Cooper, E.M., Carignan, C.C., Meeker, J.D., Hauser, R., Soubry, A., Murphy, S.K., Price, T.M., Hoyo, C., Mendelsohn, E., Congleton, J., Daniels, J.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Temporal Trends in Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in the United States. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 4(3): 112-118. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28317001/.

Preston, E.V., McClean, M.D., Claus Henn, B., Stapleton, H.M., Braverman, L.E., Pearce, E.N., Makey, C.M., Webster, T.F. 2017. Associations Between Urinary Diphenyl Phosphate and Thyroid Function. Environment International, 101: 158-164. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28162782/.

Cowell, W.J., Stapleton, H.M., Holmes, D., Calero, L., Tobon, C., Perzanowski, M., Herbstman, J.B. 2017. Prevalence of Historical and Replacement Brominated Flame Retardant Chemicals in New York City Homes. Emerging Contaminants, 3(1): 32-39. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28989983/.

Kassotis, C.D., Masse, L., Kim, S., Schlezinger, J.J., Webster. T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Characterization of Adipogenic Chemicals in Three Different Cell Culture Systems: Implications for Reproducibility Based on Cell Source and Handling. Scientific Reports, 7: 42104. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28176856/.

Lewis, J.J., Hollingsworth, J.W., Chartier, R.T., Cooper, E.M., Foster, W.M., Gomes, G.L., Kussin, P.S., MacInnis, J.J., Padhi, B.K., Panigrahi, P., Rodes, C.E., Ryde, I.T., Singha, A.K., Stapleton, H., Thornburg, J., Young, C.J., Meyer, J.N., Pattanayak, S.K., 2017. Biogas Stoves Reduce Firewood Use, Household Air Pollution, and Hospital Visits in Odisha, India. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(1): 560-569. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27785914/.

Hoffman, K., Sosa, J.A., Stapleton, H.M. 2017. Do Flame Retardant Chemicals Increase the Risk for Thyroid Dysregulation and Cancer? Current Opinion in Oncology, 29(1): 7-13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27755165/.

Hoffman, K., Lorenzo, A., Butt, C.M., Adair, L., Herring, A.H., Stapleton, H.M., Daniels, J.L. 2017. Predictors of Urinary Flame Retardant Concentration Among Pregnant Women. Environment International, 98: 96-101. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27745946/. 

Leonetti, C., Butt, C.M, Hoffman, K., Hammel, S.C., Miranda, M.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Brominated Flame Retardants in Placental Tissues: Associations with Infant Sex and Thyroid Hormone Endpoints. Environmental Health, 15(1): 113. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27884139/.

Volz, D.C., Leet, J.K., Chen, A., Stapleton, H.M., Katiyar, N., Kaundal, R., Yu, Y., Wang, Y.S. 2016. Tris(1,3-dichlor-2-propyl)phosphate Induces Genome-Wide Hypomethylation Within Early Zebrafish Embryos. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(18): 10255-10263. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27574916/.

Cooper, E.M., Kroeger, G., Davis, K., Clark, C.R., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Results from Screening Polyurethane Foam Based Consumer Products for Flame Retardant Chemicals: Assessing Impacts on the Change in the Furniture Flammability Standards. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(19): 10653-10660. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27552529/.

Carignan, C.C., Fang, M., Stapleton, H.M., Heiger-Bernays, W., McClean, M.D., Webster., T.F. 2016. Urinary Biomarkers of Flame Retardant Exposure Among Collegiate U.S. Gymnasts. Environment International, 94: 362-368. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27395335/.

Lefevre, E., Cooper, E., Stapleton, H.M., Gunsch, C.K. 2016. Anaerobic Sludge Microbial Community Adaptation to Tetrabromobisphenol A and Identification of Taxa Responsible for Its Degradation. PLOS One, 11(7). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4963083/.

Macaulay, L.J., Chernick, M., Chen, A., Hinton, D.E., Bailey, J.M., Kullman, S.K., Levin, E.D., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Exposure to a PBDE/OH-BDE Mixtures Alters Juvenile Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Development. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 36(1): 36-48. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27329031/.

Butt, C.M., Hoffman, K., Chen, A., Lorenzo, A., Congleton, J., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Regional Comparisons of Organophosphate Flame Retardant (PFR) Urinary Metabolites and Tetrabromobenzoic Acid (TBBA) in Mother-Toddler Pairs from California and New Jersey. Environment International, 94: 627-634. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27397928/.

Phillips, A.L., Chen, A., Rock, K.D., Horman, B., Patisaul, H.B., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Transplacental and Lactational Transfer of Firemaster 550 Components in Dosed Wistar Rats. Toxicological Sciences, 153(2): 246-257. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27370412/.

Gomes, G., Ward, P., Lorenzo, A., Hoffman, K., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Characterizing Flame Retardant Applications and Potential Human Exposure in Backpacking Tents. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(10): 5338-5345. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27082445/.

Hammel, S.C., Hoffman, K., Webster, T.F., Anderson, K.A., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Measuring Personal Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants using Silicone Wristbands and Hand Wipes. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(8): 4483-4491. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26975559/.

Su, G., Letcher, R.J., Yu, H., Gooden, D.M., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Determination of Glucuronide Conjugates of Hydroxyl Triphenyl Phosphate (OH-TPHP) Metabolites in Human Urine and Its Use as a Biomarker of TPHP Exposure. Chemosphere, 149: 314-319. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26874059/.

Czaplicki, L.M., Cooper, E., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M., Vilgalys, R., Gunsch, C.K. 2016. A New Perspective on Sustainable Soil Remediation–Case Study Suggests Novel Fungal Genera Could Facilitate In Situ Biodegradation of Hazardous Contaminants. Remediation, 26(2): 59-72. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27917031/.

Hoffman, K., Sjödin, A., Webster., T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Toddler’s Behavior and Its Impacts on Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 27(2): 193-197. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26956938/.

Butt, C.M., Miranda, M.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Development of an Analytical Method to Quantify PBDEs, OH-BDEs, HBCDs, 2,4,6-TBP, EH-TBB and BEH-TEBP in Human Serum. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, 408(10): 2449-2459. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4996073/.

Leonetti, C., Butt, C.M., Hoffman, K., Miranda, M.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Concentrations of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) and 2,4,6-Tribromophenol in Human Placental Tissues. Environment International, 88: 23-29. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26700418/.

Babrauskas, V., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Halogenated Flame Retardant Use in Residential Settings – Are They Safe For Our Health? Fire Protection Engineering, 4th Quarter, 11-22. https://www.sfpe.org/publications/fpemagazine/fpearchives/2015q4/fpe2015q41.

Mendelsohn, E., Hagopian, A., Hoffman, K., Butt, C.M., Lorenzo, A., Congleton, J., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2016. Nail Polish as a Source of Exposure to Triphenyl Phosphate. Environment International, 86: 45-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26485058/.

Hoffman, K., Butt, C.M., Chen, A., Limkakeng, A.T., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. High Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Infants: Associations with Baby Products. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(24): 14554-14559. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26551726/.

Macaulay, L.J., Chen, A., Rock, K.D., Dishaw, L.V., Dong, W., Hinton, D.E., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Developmental Toxicity of the PBDE Metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47 in Zebrafish and the Potential Role of Thyroid Receptor β. Aquatic Toxicology, 168: 38-47. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26433919/.

Miranda, M.L., Anthopolos, R., Wolkin, A., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Associations of Birth Outcomes with Maternal Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Thyroid Hormones During Pregnancy. Environment International, 85: 244-253. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26431883/.

Fang, M., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Effect-Directed Analysis of Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Nuclear Receptors (PPARγ1) Ligands in Indoor Dust. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(16): 10065-10073. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26172369/.

Fang, M., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Activation of Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Nuclear Receptor (PPARγ1) by Semi-Volatile Compounds (SVOCs) and Chemical Mixtures in Indoor Dust. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(16): 10057-10064. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26172262/.

Roberts, S.C., Bianco, A.C., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Disruption of Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Activity in Cultured Human Glial Cells by Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 28(6): 1265-1274. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26004626/.

Macaulay, L.J., Bailey, J.M., Levin, E.D., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Persisting Effects of a PBDE Metabolite, 6-OH-BDE-47, on Larval and Juvenile Zebrafish Swimming Behavior. Neurotoxicology & Teratology, 52: 119-126. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25979796/.

Maley, A.M., Falk, K.A., Hoover, L., EarlYwine, E.B., Seymour, M.D., DeYoung, P.A., Blum, A., Stapleton, H.M., Peaslee, G.F. 2015. Detection of Halogenated Flame Retardants in Polyurethane Foam by Particle Induced X-Ray Emission. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 358: 21-25. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X15004772.

Scanlan, L.D., Loguinov, A.V., Teng, Q., Antczak, P., Dailey, K.P., Nowinski, D.T., Kornbluh, J., Lin, X.X., Lachenauer, E., Arai, A., Douglas, N.K., Falciani, D., Stapleton, H.M., Vulpe, C.D. 2015. Gene Transcription, Metabolite, and Lipid Profiling in Eco-Indicator Daphnia magna Indicate Diverse Mechanisms of Toxicity by Legacy and Emerging Flame-Retardants. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(12): 7400-7410. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25985095/.

Su, G., Letcher, R.J., Crump, D., Gooden, D.M., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. In Vitro Metabolism of the Flame Retardant Triphenyl Phosphate in Chicken Embryonic Hepatocytes and the Importance of the Hyroxylation Pathway. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 2(4): 100-104. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.estlett.5b00041.

Isales, G.M., Hipszer, R.A., Raftery, T.D., Chen, A., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2015. Triphenyl Phosphate-Induced Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish: Potential Role of the Retinoic Acid Receptor. Aquatic Toxicology, 161: 221-230. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25725299/.

Davis, E.F., Gunsch, C.K., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Fate of Flame Retardants and the Antimicrobial Triclosan in Planted and Unplanted Biosolid-Amended Soils. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 34(5): 968-976. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25546022/.

Dong, W., Macaulay, L.J., Kwok, K.W.H., Hinton, D.E., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. The PBDE Metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47 Affects Melanin Pigmentation and THRβ mRNA Expression in the Eye of Zebrafish Embryos. Endocrine Disruptors, 2(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4354867/.

Fang, M., Webster, T.F., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Characterizing the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPARγ) Ligand Binding Potential of Several Major Flame Retardants, Their Metabolites, and Chemical Mixtures in House Dust. Environmental Health Perspectives, 123(2): 166-172. https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.1408522.

Freitag, A.R., Thayer, L.R., Leonetti, C., Stapleton, H.M., Hamlin, H.J. 2015. Effects of Elevated Nitrate on Endocrine Function in Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture, 436: 8-12. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0044848614005493.

Hoffman, K., Garantziotis, S., Birnbaum, L.S., Stapleton, H.M. 2015. Monitoring Indoor Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants: Hand Wipes and House Dust. Environmental Health Perspectives, 123(2): 160-165. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4314253/.

Noyes, P.D., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. PBDE Flame Retardants: Toxicokinetics and Thyroid Hormone Endocrine Disruption in Fish. Endocrine Disruptors, 2(1). https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/endo.29430.

Dishaw, L.V., Macaulay, L.J., Roberts, S.C., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Exposures, Mechanisms, and Impacts of Endocrine-Active Flame Retardants. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 19: 125-133. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25306433/.

 Dishaw, L.V., Hunter, D.L, Padnos, B., Padilla, S., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Developmental Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants Elicits Overt Toxicity and Alters Behavior in Early Life Stage Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Toxicological Sciences, 142(2): 445-454. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25239634/.

Fang, M., Getzinger, G.J., Cooper, E.M., Clark, B.W., Garner, L.V.T., Di Giulio, R.T., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Effect-Directed Analysis of Elizabeth River Porewater: Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 33(12): 2767-2774. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25196082/.

Fang, M., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Evaluating the Bioaccessibility of Flame Retardants in House Dust Using an In Vitro Tenax Bead-Assisted Sorptive Physiologically Based Method. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(22): 13323-13330. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25330458/.

Butt, C.M., Congleton, J., Hoffman, K., Fang, M.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Metabolites of Organophosphate Flame Retardants and 2-Ethylhexyl Tetrabromobenzoate in Urine from Paired Mothers and Toddlers. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(17): 10432-10438. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25090580/.

Martin, N.P., de Velasco, E.M.F., Mizuno, F., Scappini, E.L., Gloss, B., Erxleben, C., Williams, J.G., Stapleton, H.M., Gentile, S., Armstrong, D.L. 2014. A Rapid Cytoplasmic Mechanism for PI3 Kinase Regulation by the Nuclear Thyroid Hormone Receptor, TRβ, and Genetic Evidence for Its Role in the Maturation of Mouse Hippocampal Synapses In Vivo. Endocrinology, 155(9): 3713-3724. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4138568/.

Pillai, H.K., Fang, M., Beglov, D., Kozakov, D., Vajda, S., Stapleton, H.M., Webster, T.F., Schlezinger, J.J. 2014. The Flame Retardant Firemaster 550 Contains PPARγ Ligands That Induce Adipogenesis and Suppress Osteogenesis. Environmental Health Perspectives, 122(11): 1225-1232. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216168/.

Hoffman, K., Fang, M., Horman, B., Patisaul, H.B., Garantziotis, S., Birnbaum, L.S., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Urinary Tetrabromobenzoic Acid (TBBA) as a Biomarker of Exposure to the Flame Retardant Mixture, Firemaster® 550. Environmental Health Perspectives, 122(9): 963-969. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154220/.

Belcher, S.M., Cookman, C.J., Patisaul, H.B., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. In Vitro Assessment of Human Nuclear Hormone Receptor Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Flame Retardant Mixture FM 550 and Its Triarylphosphate and Brominated Components. Toxicology Letters, 228(2): 93-102. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4180444/.

Holzem, R.M., Gunsch, C.K., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Determining the Ecological Impacts of Organic Contaminants in Biosolids Using a High-Throughput Colorimetric Denitrification Assay: A Case Study with Antimicrobial Agents. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(3): 1646-1655. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24410196/.

Stapleton, H.M., Misenheimer, J.C., Hoffman, K., Webster, T.F. 2014. Flame Retardant Associations Between Children’s Handwipes and House Dust. Chemosphere, 116: 54-60. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24485814/.

Keller, A.S., Raju, N.P., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Flame Retardant Applications in Camping Tents and Potential Exposure. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 1(2): 152-155. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24804279/.

Noyes, P.D., Lema, S.C., Roberts, S.C., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. A Rapid Method for the Measurement of Circulating Thyroid Hormones in Low Volumes of Teleost Fish Plasma by LC-ESI/MS/MS. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, 406(3): 715-726. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056446/.

Hoffman, K., Daniels, J.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2014. Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Flame Retardants and Their Variability in Pregnant Women. Environment International, 63: 169-172. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3932676/.

Levin, E.D., Cauley, M., Johnson, J.E., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Ferguson, P.L., Seidler, F.J., Slotkin, T.A. 2014. Prenatal Dexamethasone Augments the Neurobehavioral Teratology of Chlorpyrifos: Significance for Maternal Stress and Preterm Labor. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 41: 35-42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3943881/.

Muzzio, A.M., Noyes, P.D., Stapleton, H.M., Lema, S.C. 2014. Tissue Distribution and Thyroid Hormone Effects on mRNA Abundance for Membrane Transporters Mct8, Mct10, and Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptides (Oatps) in a Teleost Fish. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part A, 167: 77-89. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24113777/.

Carignan, C.C., Heiger-Bernays, W., McClean, M.D., Roberts, S.C., Stapleton, H.M., Sjödin, A., Webster, T.F. 2013. Flame Retardant Exposure Among Collegiate U.S. Gymnasts. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(23): 13848-13856. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3885979/.

Butt, C.M., Stapleton, H.M. 2013. Inhibition of Thyroid Hormone Sulfotransferase Activity by Brominated Flame Retardants and Halogenated Phenolics. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 26(11): 1692-1702. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836566/.

Meeker, J.D., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Hauser, R.D. 2013. Exploratory Analysis of Urinary Metabolites of Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardants in Relation to Markers of Male Reproductive Health. Endocrine Disruptors, 1(1). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24795899/.

Clark, B.W., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Di Giulio, R.T. 2013. Compound- and Mixture-Specific Differences in Resistance to PAHs and PCB-126 Among Fundulus heteroclitus Subpopulations Throughout the Elizabeth River Estuary (Virginia, USA). Environmental Science & Technology, 47(18): 10556-10566. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4079253/.

Noyes, P.D., Lema, S.C., Macaulay, L.J., Douglas, N.K., Stapleton, H.M. 2013. Low Level Exposure to the Flame Retardant BDE-209 Reduces Thyroid Hormone Levels and Disrupts Thyroid Signaling in Fathead Minnows. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(17): 10012-10021. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3778448/.

Lohman, R., Stapleton, H.M., Hites, R.A. 2013. Science Should Guide TSCA Reform. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(16): 8995-8996. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23899100/.

Watkins, D.J., McClean, M.D., Frasier, A.J., Weinberg, J., Stapleton, H.M., Webster, T.F. 2013. Associations Between PBDEs in Office Air, Dust, and Surface Wipes. Environment International, 59: 124-132. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23797055/.

McGee, S.P., Konstantinov, A., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2013. Aryl Phosphate Esters Within a Major PentaBDE Replacement Product Induce Cardiotoxicity in Developing Zebrafish Embryos: Potential Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Toxicological Sciences, 133(1): 144-156. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23377616/.

Meeker, J.D., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Hauser, R. 2013. Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Flame Retardants: Temporal Variability and Correlations with House Dust Concentrations. Environmental Health Perspectives, 121(5): 580-585. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3673195/.

Slotkin, T.A., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Seidler, F.J. 2013. Does Thyroid Disruption Contribute to the Developmental Neurotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos? Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology, 36(2): 284-287. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23686008/.

Fang, M., Webster, T.F., Gooden, D., Cooper, E.M., McClean, M.D., Carignan, C.C., Makey, C., Stapleton, H.M. 2013. Investigating a Novel Flame Retardant Known as V6: Measurements in Baby Products, House Dust and Car Dust. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(9): 4449-4454. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650476/.

Dong, W., Macaulay, L.J., Kwok, K.W.H., Hinton, D.E., Stapleton, H.M. 2013. Using Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization to Examine Thyroid Hormone Deiodinase Expression in Embryonic and Larval Zebrafish: A Tool for Examining OH-BDE Toxicity to Early Life Stages. Aquatic Toxicology, 132-133: 190-199. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3642849/.

Carignan, C.C., McClean, M.D., Cooper, E.M., Watkins, D.J., Fraser, A.J., Heiger-Bernays, W., Stapleton, H.M., Webster, T.F. 2013. Predictors of Tris-(1,3-Dichloro-2-Propyl) Phosphate Metabolite in the Urine of Office Workers. Environment International, 55: 56-61. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3666188/.

Allen, J.G., Stapleton, H.M., Vallerino, J., McNeely, E., McClean, M.D., Harrad, S.J., Rauert, C.B., Spengler, J.D. 2013. Exposure to Flame Retardant Chemicals on Commercial Airplanes. Environmental Health, 12(17). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3599095/.

Johnson, P.I., Stapleton, H.M., Mukherjee, B., Hauser, R., Meeker, J.D. 2013. Associations Between Brominated Flame Retardants in House Dust and Hormone Levels in Men. Science of the Total Environment, 445-446: 177-184. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3572297/.

Patisaul, H.B., Roberts, S.C., Mabrey, N., McCaffrey, K.A., Gear, R.B., Braun, J., Belcher, S.M., Stapleton, H.M. 2013. Accumulation and Endocrine Disrupting Effects of the Flame Retardant Mixture Firemaster 550 in Rats: An Exploratory Assessment. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 27(2): 124-136. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3788594/. 

Stapleton, H.M., Sharma, S., Getzinger, G., Ferguson, P.L., Gabriel, M., Webster, T.F., Blum, A. 2012. Novel and High Volume Use Flame Retardants in U.S. Couches Reflective of the 2005 PentaBDE Phase Out. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(24): 13432-13439. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23186002/.

McGee, S.P., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Volz, D.C. 2012. Early Zebrafish Embryogenesis Is Susceptible to Developmental TDCPP Exposure. Environmental Health Perspectives, 120(11): 1585-1591. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23017583/.

Stapleton, H.M., Eagle, S., Sjödin, A., Webster, T.F. 2012. Serum PBDEs in a North Carolina Toddler Cohort: Associations with Handwipes, House Dust and Socioeconomic Variables. Environmental Health Perspectives, 120(7): 1049-1054. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3404669/.

 Klosterhaus, S.L., Stapleton, H.M., LaGuardia, M.J., Greig, D.J. 2012. Brominated and Chlorinated Flame Retardants in San Francisco Bay Sediments and Wildlife. Environment International, 47: 56-65. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22766500/.

Roberts, S.C., Macaulay, L.J., Stapleton, H.M. 2012. In Vitro Metabolism of the Brominated Flame Retardants 2-Ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-Tetrabromobenzoate (TBB) and Bis-2-Ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-Tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) in Human and Rat Tissues. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 25(7): 1435-1441. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398233/.

Buttke, D.E., Wolkin, A., Stapleton, H.M., Miranda, M.L. 2012. Associations Between Serum Levels of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Flame Retardants and Environmental and Behavioral Factors in Pregnant Women. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 23(2): 176-182. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4699554/.

Bearr, J.S., Mitchelmore, C.L., Roberts, S.C., Stapleton, H.M. 2012. Species Specific Differences in the In Vitro Metabolism of the Flame Retardant Mixture, Firemaster® BZ 54. Aquatic Toxicology, 124-125: 41-47. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3835519/.

Ashley, J.T.F., Vasquez, M.A., Zelanko, P., McKinley, E., Schafer, M., Zaoudeh, L., Horwitz, R., Stapleton, H.M., Velinsky, D.J. 2012. Trophic Transfer of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in a Tidal Freshwater Marsh. Chemistry and Ecology, 28(4): 305-325. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02757540.2012.656608.

McClain, V., Stapleton, H.M., Tilton F., Gallagher, E.P. 2012. BDE 49 and Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C- Toxicology and Pharmacology, 155(2): 253-258. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3246048/.

Davis, E.F., Klosterhaus, S.L., Stapleton, H.M. 2012. Measurement of Flame Retardants and Triclosan in Municipal Sewage Sludge and Biosolids. Environment International, 40: 1-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22280921/.

Watkins, D.J., McClean, M.D., Fraser, A.J., Weinberg, J., Stapleton, H.M., Sjödin, A., Webster, T.F. 2012. Impact of Dust from Multiple Microenvironments and Diet on PentaBDE Body Burden. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(2): 1192-1200. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22142368/.

Fraser, A.J., Webster, T.F., Watkins, D.J., Nelson, J.W., Stapleton, H.M., Calafat, A.F., Kato, K., Shoeib, M., Viera, V.M, McClean, M.D. 2012. Polyfluorinated Compounds in Serum Linked to Indoor Air in Office Environments. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(2): 1209-1215. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3262923/.

Tomy, G.T., Palace, V., Marvin, C., Stapleton, H.M., Covaci, A., Harrad, S. 2011. Biotransformation of HBCD in Biological Systems Can Confound Temporal-Trend Studies. Environmental Science & Technology, 45(2): 364-365. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21155584/.

Stapleton, H.M., Eagle, S., Anthopolos, R., Wolkin, A., Miranda, M.L. 2011. Associations Between Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Flame Retardants, Phenolic Metabolites, and Thyroid Hormones During Pregnancy. Environmental Health Perspectives, 119(10): 1454-1459. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3230439/.

Watkins, D.J., McClean, M.D., Fraser, A.J., Weinberg, J., Stapleton, H.M., Sjödin, A., Webster, T.F. 2011. Exposure to PBDEs in the Office Environment: Evaluating the Relationships Between Dust, Handwipes and Serum. Environmental Health Perspectives, 119(9): 1247-1252. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3230398/.

Cooper, E.M., Covaci, A., van Nuijs, A.L.N., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M. 2011. Analysis of the Flame Retardant Metabolites Bis (1,3-Dichloro-2-Propyl) Phosphate (BDCPP) and Diphenyl Phosphate (DPP) in Urine Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, 401(7): 2123-2132. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3718013/.

Jung, D., Matson, C.W., Collins, L.B., Laban, G., Stapleton, H.M., Bickham, J.W., Swenberg, J.A., Di Giulio, R.T. 2011. Genotoxicity in Atlantic Killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a PAH-Contaminated Superfund Site on the Elizabeth River, Virginia. Ecotoxicology, 20(8): 1890-1899. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3203518/.

Butt, C.M., Wang, D., Stapleton, H.M. 2011. Halogenated Phenolic Contaminants Inhibit the In Vitro Activity of the Thyroid-Regulating Deiodinases in Human Liver. Toxicological Sciences, 124(2): 339-347. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3216408/.

Dishaw, L.V., Powers, C.M., Ryde, I.T., Roberts, S.C., Seidler, F.J., Slotkin, T.A., Stapleton, H.M. 2011. Is the PentaBDE Replacement, Tris (1,3-Dichloro-2-Propyl) Phosphate (TDCPP), a Developmental Neurotoxicant? Studies in PC12 Cells. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 256(3): 281-289. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21255595/.

Noyes, P.D., Hinton, D.E., Stapleton, H.M. 2011. Accumulation and Debromination of Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209) in Juvenile Fathead Minnows (Pimpephales promelas) Induces Thyroid Disruption and Liver Alterations. Toxicological Sciences, 122(2): 265-274. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3155082/.

Stapleton, H.M., Klosterhaus, S., Keller, A., Ferguson, P.L., van Bergen, S., Cooper, E., Webster, T.F., Blum, A. 2011. Identification of Flame Retardants in Polyurethane Foam Collected from Baby Products. Environmental Science & Technology, 45(12): 5323-5331. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21591615/.

Roberts, S.C., Noyes, P.D., Gallagher, E.P., Stapleton, H.M. 2011. Species-Specific Differences and Structure-Activity Relationships in the Debromination of PBDE Congeners in Three Fish Species. Environmental Science & Technology, 45(5): 1999-2005. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3047442/.  

Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M., McClean, M.D. 2011. Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Indoor Environments. Epidemiology, 22(1): S117. https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2011/01001/Exposure_to_Polybrominated_Diphenyl_Ethers_in.335.aspx.